Imagine one day in the future, when you buy a lamp that is rolled up like a wallpaper from a lighting store, it will make the room shine when you put it on the wall; the TV screen can also be curled, just like a projection screen, the scene may be a bit like a heaven. Night, but for scientists, with the continuous breakthrough of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology, there is now the possibility of realization. General Electric Company (GE) Global R&D Center has announced that they have developed a solution-based organic coating material with Konica Minolta (KM), which is a step into the commercial application of OLED.
For ordinary consumers, contact with LED semiconductor lighting is a matter of the past two years. Now there is OLED. What is the relationship between LED and LED? Is it more advanced than LED? When can it really enter the family?
a pair of cousins
From the acronym of English name, LED and OLED are very close. In fact, the same is the solid-state luminescence technology. The two have great similarities. They all use the principle of electron-hole recombination to illuminate, compared with traditional incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. All have many advantages such as energy saving and environmental friendliness. But in terms of luminescent carriers, the two are very different. Gao Ming, director of LED technology at GE China R&D Center, explains that LED is often used as semiconductor lighting because its luminescent carrier, the chip, is made of semiconductor materials; and O in OLED is the abbreviation of English organic. Therefore, the luminescent carrier of the OLED is an organic material, and the film of the organic substance is sandwiched between the two layers of electrodes, and can be illuminated after being energized. For example, OLED and LED are like cousins, and they are related by blood, but the difference is quite big.
The difference in luminescent carriers determines the different characteristics of OLEDs and LEDs. At present, one of the bottlenecks of LED promotion is the cost problem. The manufacturing cost of semiconductor chips accounts for a large proportion. It has high requirements on the raw materials, equipment and production workshop environment of the chip. The key technologies are still in the hands of a few manufacturers. In the hands. In contrast, the preparation process of OLED is relatively simple. In theory, as long as the organic coating is applied to a specific material, it can emit light. We have developed roll-to-roll coating technology in 2008, and this time we have improved the specific coating materials. It can be said that it has become possible to print OLEDs like newspapers and printed cloth. Gao Ming said.
Flexible lighting, unlimited potential
The industry believes that flexible lighting and flexible display are the most fascinating places for OLED applications. Whether it is a rolled up lamp or a rolled up screen, it can be achieved by applying a luminescent organic coating to the material that can be crimped. This will greatly expand people's understanding of the concept of lighting. Gao Ming said.
In addition to flexibility, OLEDs have many irreplaceable features. For example, in the field of flat panel display, compared with the conventional liquid crystal display, the OLED display can replace the function of the original electronic component by the coating, which can make the screen thinner, the color is more vivid, and there is no visual dead angle. It is reported that Nokia and other mobile phone brands have tried to use OLED as a mobile phone display material.
General Electric will focus on OLED applications for indoor white lighting in the next few years. At present, the illumination efficiency of OLED white light in the laboratory is close to 50 lumens/watt, which is equivalent to the level of ordinary household fluorescent lamps. It is understood that they expect to launch the first flexible lighting products next year, but the specific product form has not been disclosed. They also said that they are willing to conduct cooperative research on OLEDs with domestic companies.
Mass production will take time
The advantages of OLED are many, does it mean that it will quickly replace traditional lighting and even LED? The attitude of the industry is still cautious. Although the technologies and processes are relatively mature, they are the result of the laboratory. In the face of mass production required for commercial applications, there are still difficulties.
According to reports, the current OLED luminescent materials in the trial production stage is about tens of inches square, which is smaller for lighting applications. How to make large-scale while taking into account the cost and downstream manufacturers' needs, we need to constantly explore.
Dr. Yang Weiqiao, Assistant Director of Shanghai Semiconductor Lighting Engineering Technology Research Center, said that Shanghai has also taken action in the field of OLED research and development in recent years. The Municipal Science and Technology Commission basically supports one or two topics every year. Fudan University, Shanghai University, Shanghai Broadcasting and Television University and other institutions And the company has participation. As an emerging lighting technology, OLEDs must continue to follow up. However, in terms of large-scale application promotion, we still focus on LEDs. In any case, the future lighting market is unlikely to stand out from the crowd, and the more technically it is, the more choices consumers have.
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