Standards simplify wireless sensor and control network development
After the wireless voice and data network, the wireless network used for sensing and control has become an exciting third-generation wireless network. The combination of wireless communication and emerging energy harvesting and low-power sensor networks will bring new electronic devices, which will have a revolutionary impact on people's entertainment, work and daily life management.
Although networked “smart†sensors bring unprecedented market opportunities, it also presents designers with unique challenges, especially in terms of cost, compatibility with global regulatory standards, interoperability between branded products, and multi-source Other aspects, of course, include drive and maintenance reliability, and always-on connectivity. This connectivity must be maintained for many years in residential or demanding environments, as well as in "green" buildings with environmental control and automated security applications.
By adopting a series of standards for radio and software stacks, it will help developers obtain an effective and clear roadmap for future low-power wireless sensor networks.
The requirements for sensors are completely different from those for wireless voice and data networks. The most significant difference is the power supply: the sensor is usually powered by a non-rechargeable coin battery, or it can be powered by solar panels, vibration energy harvesting devices, etc., and its working time must be up to several years. Other sensor-specific application requirements are related to automatic network organization, reliability, communication range, and the number of supported nodes in a single network.
For wireless sensor transceivers, the mainstream standard is IEEE 802.15.4, and several vendors provide compatible transceiver chips for this standard. Some chips are the minimum implementation of the standard; others provide accessories that are useful in certain application areas, such as energy-saving features for coin batteries and batteryless applications.
ZigBee is supported by a strong dynamic standards body with an active market, which focuses on various commercial, home automation, and industrial markets. ZigBee Pro is similar to ZigBee, but the former can provide a stronger anti-jamming capability and a wider range and more nodes for environments that are not conducive to radio.
The ZigBee specific protocol is composed of ZigBee protocol subsets for specific functions. These smaller task-oriented stacks require lower MIPS and less flash memory, and their power consumption is lower. Special protocols for smart energy and home automation have been developed and released. The ZigBee green power protocol is still under development. The agreement is aimed at energy harvesting solutions and will provide guidance for the seamless connectivity of ultra-low power energy supply with ZigBee networks and sensors.
The ZigBee organization said that green energy will enable ZigBee and ZigBee Pro networks to achieve new capabilities and will provide a competitive and mature market for deploying switches, sensors and controllers that use energy harvesting in residential, commercial and industrial environments.
At the beginning of this year, the ZigBee organization announced cooperation with four of the world's largest consumer electronics manufacturers. The ZigBee RF4CE standard was finally produced, which provides a common platform for ZigBee-based RF remote control and device development for home automation and entertainment applications. ZigBee RF4CE standard will provide consumers with multi-function remote control and interactive functions that can transmit through walls and doors. Moreover, the use of ZigBee's low power consumption features, the use of internal hard-wired single coin battery power can make the device work for more than ten years.
By constructing a mesh network that combines the essence of a ZigBee and low-power routing (LPR) network, it is possible to design and develop a "battery-free" network; mesh node routers still need to be powered by batteries, but battery-free terminal devices can pass energy Acquisition solution power supply. In this way, the entire network can be controlled by a power supply network control device.
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