When you play consumer-grade drones , sometimes you will encounter a more tragic "explosive machine" situation, that is, during the flight, the drone will fall out of control due to some reasons, causing significant economic losses to the flying hand. . However, does this phenomenon only appear in civilian drones? Not! As the leader of the world's drone development, the UAV technology in the United States is very mature, but even so, the "explosive machine" index of the US military drone is still very high, want to know the reason? Come check out the article below.
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The development history of drones can be traced back to the 1920s. Early UAVs were mostly used as drones . It was only after several local wars in the past 20 years that they emerged and became an important part of the weapons and equipment of all countries in the world, especially in developed countries. one. In 1991, a large number of drones entered the war in the Gulf War, and the development of drones entered a new situation. Especially in the early 21st century, the United States developed drones in Afghanistan and Iraq, and set off a worldwide study of drones. And the development boom, unmanned has also become one of the directions of future war development.
With the large number of applications of drones, drone-related accidents have also increased rapidly. Although with the development of drone technology, there has been considerable progress in terms of performance, operability, reliability, etc., but it still does not have the reliability and safety of man-machines. In 2004, the reliability test conducted by the US Department of Defense on three UAV systems showed that the current accident rate of UAVs is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of manned aircraft. In 1994, the US Air Force lost nearly half of the Predator drones in the test. In 1999, the US Navy and Marine Corps pointed out that the accident rate of drones was unacceptable. In 2001, the US Department of Defense pointed out that drones were for people. The flight time ratio of the aircraft is 1/300, but the accident rate is 10/100 times.
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With the advancement of drone technology and the improvement of management level, the safety of drones has gradually increased, and its mission capability has gradually improved. The executable task rate of the MQ-1B drone in 2013 is 93.4%, the executable task rate of the MQ-9A drone is 91.1%, and the executable task rate of the high-altitude long-range reconnaissance drone RQ-4B. From 55.3% in 2011 to 74.1% in 2013.
"Hunter" (RQ-5) and "Shadow 200 (RQ-7)) drones are the main UAVs used by the US Army; Pioneer (RQ-2) UAVs primarily used by the US Navy; Predator (RQ-1/MQ-1), Reaper (MQ-9), and Global Hawk (RQ-4) The main drone used by the US Air Force.
It is worth noting that the Hunter (RQ-5) and Pio neer (RQ-2) require an external operator to take off when taking off and landing. The Shadow 200 (RQ-7) uses the ground station to take off and use the Tactical Automated Landing System. (TALS) for automatic landing, Predator (MQ-1), Reaper (MQ-9) also use the ground station based on forward-facing camera take-off and landing, Global Hawk (RQ-4) as the most expensive drone The system is also the most automated, and all flight phases, including take-off and landing, are pre-programmed into the Flight Management System, and the crew only needs to monitor the system status in real time.
The US Army divides the accident into four grades based on the economic losses and casualties caused by the accident. The Air Force and the Navy adopt a similar division method, but they are only classified into A/B/C. The division is based on the US Army. The Army's flight accident classification class A is economic loss greater than $1M, aircraft is destroyed or lost, abandoned; resulting in death or permanent disability; Class B is economic loss greater than $200,000 less than $1M, resulting in permanent partial disability, or 3 Patients admitted to hospital for treatment; Class C is economic loss greater than $20,000 less than $200,000, resulting in reduced work time for non-fatal injuries; Class D is economic loss greater than $2,000 less than $20,000.
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In the past 15 years, the total number of flight accidents of drones has been gradually increased with the increase in usage, and then maintained a stable and slightly downward trend. As can be seen from Figure 2, the total annual accidents of the US Air Force drones were 2 times/year from 2000. After the war on terrorism, it rose to 9 times/year in 2002 and 15 times/year in 2011. . At the same time, frequent accidents, accompanying economic losses and political pressure will inevitably promote the development and maturity of the US military's drone technology. In 2013, the annual accident volume of US military drones dropped to 5 times/year.
On the other hand, due to the rapid development of drones, the complexity is greatly improved. There are still a number of design defects that may lead to catastrophic accidents in the development of drones. In addition, the dominant factor causing catastrophic flight accidents due to human factors is currently There are no obvious breakthrough preventive measures, and these human factors are highly random, resulting in a relatively stable and slightly declining accident rate of drones.
The Mission Capable Rate (MCR) [9] is an important indicator for the US military to measure the combat effectiveness of its equipment. It refers to the percentage of time that the weapon system takes at least one required task to account for its total service time. For the fighter, this value represents how much time it can take off in a period of time. The MCR is determined by three parameters: "can perform full task rate", "can perform partial task rate", and "cannot perform task rate".
In 2013, 154 MQ-1B drones with an average of 6.4 years of service participated in the statistics, and their MCR was 93.4%. The 115 MQ-9A drones with an average service of 3.1 years had an MCR of 91.1%, and the landing service was only 3 years high. The long-haul reconnaissance drone RQ-4B increased its MCR from 55.3% in 2011 to 74.1% in 2013, which also shows that with the advancement of drone technology and the improvement of management level, the safety of drones gradually increases. Its mission ability has also gradually improved.
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The development history of drones can be traced back to the 1920s. Early UAVs were mostly used as drones . It was only after several local wars in the past 20 years that they emerged and became an important part of the weapons and equipment of all countries in the world, especially in developed countries. one. In 1991, a large number of drones entered the war in the Gulf War, and the development of drones entered a new situation. Especially in the early 21st century, the United States developed drones in Afghanistan and Iraq, and set off a worldwide study of drones. And the development boom, unmanned has also become one of the directions of future war development.
With the large number of applications of drones, drone-related accidents have also increased rapidly. Although with the development of drone technology, there has been considerable progress in terms of performance, operability, reliability, etc., but it still does not have the reliability and safety of man-machines. In 2004, the reliability test conducted by the US Department of Defense on three UAV systems showed that the current accident rate of UAVs is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of manned aircraft. In 1994, the US Air Force lost nearly half of the Predator drones in the test. In 1999, the US Navy and Marine Corps pointed out that the accident rate of drones was unacceptable. In 2001, the US Department of Defense pointed out that drones were for people. The flight time ratio of the aircraft is 1/300, but the accident rate is 10/100 times.
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With the advancement of drone technology and the improvement of management level, the safety of drones has gradually increased, and its mission capability has gradually improved. The executable task rate of the MQ-1B drone in 2013 is 93.4%, the executable task rate of the MQ-9A drone is 91.1%, and the executable task rate of the high-altitude long-range reconnaissance drone RQ-4B. From 55.3% in 2011 to 74.1% in 2013.
"Hunter" (RQ-5) and "Shadow 200 (RQ-7)) drones are the main UAVs used by the US Army; Pioneer (RQ-2) UAVs primarily used by the US Navy; Predator (RQ-1/MQ-1), Reaper (MQ-9), and Global Hawk (RQ-4) The main drone used by the US Air Force.
It is worth noting that the Hunter (RQ-5) and Pio neer (RQ-2) require an external operator to take off when taking off and landing. The Shadow 200 (RQ-7) uses the ground station to take off and use the Tactical Automated Landing System. (TALS) for automatic landing, Predator (MQ-1), Reaper (MQ-9) also use the ground station based on forward-facing camera take-off and landing, Global Hawk (RQ-4) as the most expensive drone The system is also the most automated, and all flight phases, including take-off and landing, are pre-programmed into the Flight Management System, and the crew only needs to monitor the system status in real time.
The US Army divides the accident into four grades based on the economic losses and casualties caused by the accident. The Air Force and the Navy adopt a similar division method, but they are only classified into A/B/C. The division is based on the US Army. The Army's flight accident classification class A is economic loss greater than $1M, aircraft is destroyed or lost, abandoned; resulting in death or permanent disability; Class B is economic loss greater than $200,000 less than $1M, resulting in permanent partial disability, or 3 Patients admitted to hospital for treatment; Class C is economic loss greater than $20,000 less than $200,000, resulting in reduced work time for non-fatal injuries; Class D is economic loss greater than $2,000 less than $20,000.
â–¼
In the past 15 years, the total number of flight accidents of drones has been gradually increased with the increase in usage, and then maintained a stable and slightly downward trend. As can be seen from Figure 2, the total annual accidents of the US Air Force drones were 2 times/year from 2000. After the war on terrorism, it rose to 9 times/year in 2002 and 15 times/year in 2011. . At the same time, frequent accidents, accompanying economic losses and political pressure will inevitably promote the development and maturity of the US military's drone technology. In 2013, the annual accident volume of US military drones dropped to 5 times/year.
On the other hand, due to the rapid development of drones, the complexity is greatly improved. There are still a number of design defects that may lead to catastrophic accidents in the development of drones. In addition, the dominant factor causing catastrophic flight accidents due to human factors is currently There are no obvious breakthrough preventive measures, and these human factors are highly random, resulting in a relatively stable and slightly declining accident rate of drones.
The Mission Capable Rate (MCR) [9] is an important indicator for the US military to measure the combat effectiveness of its equipment. It refers to the percentage of time that the weapon system takes at least one required task to account for its total service time. For the fighter, this value represents how much time it can take off in a period of time. The MCR is determined by three parameters: "can perform full task rate", "can perform partial task rate", and "cannot perform task rate".
In 2013, 154 MQ-1B drones with an average of 6.4 years of service participated in the statistics, and their MCR was 93.4%. The 115 MQ-9A drones with an average service of 3.1 years had an MCR of 91.1%, and the landing service was only 3 years high. The long-haul reconnaissance drone RQ-4B increased its MCR from 55.3% in 2011 to 74.1% in 2013, which also shows that with the advancement of drone technology and the improvement of management level, the safety of drones gradually increases. Its mission ability has also gradually improved.
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